Non-invasive wearables could soon reveal nutritional deficiencies by analyzing sweat. Researchers are pioneering a prototype focused on vitamin C levels.
Vitamin C plays a vital role in numerous bodily functions. It supports collagen production, a key protein in skin, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and connective tissues. It also bolsters immune function, aids wound healing, contributes to red blood cell formation, and enhances iron absorption from plant sources.
Its powerful antioxidant properties shield cells from free radical damage.
Since humans can't synthesize vitamin C, we must consume it daily through diet. As a reminder, vibrant, raw fruits and vegetables are richest in it—think red peppers, oranges, lemons, grapefruit, strawberries, and broccoli.
But how can you confirm you're getting enough? Scientists at the University of San Diego are developing a skin-adhering patch that estimates vitamin C levels via sweat analysis.
This flexible prototype features electrodes coated with ascorbate oxidase, an enzyme that reacts specifically to vitamin C.
Here's how it works: Once applied, the patch induces localized sweating. If vitamin C is present, the enzyme converts it to dehydroascorbic acid, producing a measurable electrical current. The patch gauges current intensity, which correlates directly with vitamin C concentrations in sweat—and thus in the bloodstream.
Connected to a compact circuit board, it wirelessly transmits data for analysis.
In a recent study, four participants wore the patch for two hours after consuming vitamin C-rich supplements and juices. Researchers confirmed the device accurately tracked fluctuations in vitamin C levels throughout.
Still a prototype, it requires further refinement. Yet, its potential is immense—paving the way for multi-nutrient sensors to detect and address deficiencies proactively.
