Medicine remains one of the most rewarding yet demanding careers. As experts in medical education pathways, we've guided countless students through the rigorous journey required to practice as a physician. Below, we outline the essential curriculum and training steps based on established programs.
If your child, currently in their second year of high school, is eyeing a medical career, guide them toward the scientific stream (S sector) in their first year. While holders of ST2S or ES baccalauréats can pursue medicine, those with a Bac S are best prepared for the Première Année Commune aux Études de Santé (PACES)—the gateway year.
The scientific foundation from terminale S—chemistry, biology, and physics—directly aligns with PACES coursework. This competitive first year culminates in exams where spots are scarce: only about 15% of candidates succeed. Top performers advance to year two, with just one repeat allowed.
To maximize success, many students prep for PACES during their final high school year, often earning honors. For ES and ST2S graduates, targeted prep courses bridge gaps in sciences, smoothing the transition to university.
Beyond PACES, expect at least eight more years of intensive training to earn the state diploma of Doctor of Medicine. The program divides into three cycles. PACES plus years two and three form the first cycle, blending hospital internships with lectures and tutorials in anatomy, histology, biochemistry, and microbiology.
The second cycle, or externship (years four through six), spans three years with thematic modules on pathologies, prevention, and therapies. Paid hospital internships in areas like pediatrics, neurology, and geriatrics build clinical skills alongside theory. It concludes with the Diplôme de Formation Approfondie en Sciences Médicales (DFASM) and preparation for the Épreuves Classantes Nationales (ECN).
High ECN rankings unlock preferred specialties and locations—crucial as choices narrow lower down.
The third cycle, internship or residency, lasts 3-5 years (general practice or specialization), including rotations and theory, culminating in a thesis. The diploma is awarded upon validating internships, earning the Diplôme d'Études Spécialisées (DES), and defending the thesis—empowering you to open your practice.
