Osteoarthritis affects 10 million French people, making it the most common joint disease. Despite its prevalence, misconceptions abound. Let's clarify the facts with expert-backed insights.
False. Often described as simple cartilage wear in the knee, hip, or fingers, osteoarthritis is an inflammatory disease that destroys cartilage and impacts all joint structures. Cartilage, a living tissue that covers bone ends for smooth movement and constantly renews itself, degrades prematurely in osteoarthritis—cracking, thinning, and allowing bones to rub together. This triggers bone growths from pressure and inflammatory episodes, leading to pain and mobility loss.
True and false. Age plays a key role: it impacts 3% under 45, 65% over 65, and 80% over 80. However, cartilage aging alone doesn't cause it. Factors include metabolic issues (diabetes, obesity), other joint conditions, joint fragility, trauma sequelae (fractures, sprains), heredity (especially hands), and mechanical stress (overweight, heavy lifting, intense sports).
False. Spinal osteoarthritis (cervical or lumbar) is most common, affecting 70-75% of 65-75-year-olds. Fingers follow at 60%, knees at 30%, and hips at 10%. Shoulders, elbows, wrists, and ankles are rarely involved.
False. No cure exists yet, but pain relief is achievable. Paracetamol or NSAIDs help during flares; corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections offer targeted relief. Severe cases may require hip or knee replacement surgery.
True. Experts recommend staying active to slow progression. Daily walks, adapted with a cane (opposite the affected side), are ideal. Avoid prolonged standing, heavy loads, or high-impact activities on affected joints. For hip/knee osteoarthritis, weight management provides significant relief.
