Sore throats are common as fall and winter approach, but treatment varies based on the underlying cause and symptoms.
A sore throat isn't always strep throat (angina). It could stem from a simple nasopharyngitis with irritating secretions, laryngitis, or coughing from bronchitis.
True angina involves significantly swollen tonsils and intense throat pain. It often begins with itchiness, progressing to fever, swallowing difficulty, and swollen neck glands.
Over 80% of cases are viral, best handled by your immune system. Bacterial infections, typically Streptococcus A, require antibiotics to prevent complications like abscesses, rheumatic fever, or heart issues.
The key is a rapid diagnostic test (StreptoTest) to distinguish viral from bacterial. French pharmacists have offered this since August 2016, though many refer to doctors.
Lozenges and sprays reduce inflammation; some include lidocaine for severe pain. For natural relief, honey works well—an Israeli study in Pediatrics (August 2012) found 10g before bed outperformed common syrups.
Video of the day: Another effective option is tea tree essential oil, which calms ENT inflammation. Aromatherapist Thierry Folliard, author of Petit Larousse des huiles essentielles, recommends 2 drops in a teaspoon of olive oil, three times daily for 7 days.
Affected vocal cords cause a hoarse voice—rest it to avoid total loss. Hydrate the throat's mucous membranes: drink at least 1.5 liters of water daily (hot preferred) and use a humidifier. Avoid tobacco and alcohol, which dry and irritate.
For severe cases, try marshmallow root tea. Phytotherapist Caroline Gayet, author of Le guide de poche de la phytothérapie (ed. Leduc.s), notes its protective mucilage soothes laryngitis and pharyngitis: 1 tsp per 250ml boiling water, infuse 10 minutes, strain, and drink. For complete voicelessness, erysimum (singer's grass) is favored by professionals.
Watch for severe swelling, stiff neck, jaw contraction, or rashes in children (possible scarlet fever).
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