While our blog often covers motherhood, reliable contraception is key for those delaying or avoiding pregnancy. The intrauterine device (IUD) provides long-term, highly effective protection without daily effort. Previously, we discussed the birth control pill; here, we examine IUD types, benefits, drawbacks, and the placement process.
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In our guide to birth control pills, we highlighted key drawbacks: unpredictable side effects and the need for daily compliance, which can reduce reliability. If forgetting pills is an issue, an IUD offers a set-it-and-forget-it solution with over 99% effectiveness, as supported by medical experts.
IUDs come in two main types: non-hormonal copper IUDs and hormonal IUDs. Both require professional insertion by a doctor or midwife and provide protection for at least 5 years.
The copper IUD avoids hormones entirely, making it ideal for those sensitive to them or contraindicated for hormonal methods. Copper ions immobilize sperm, preventing fertilization, and alter the uterine lining to inhibit implantation. Menstruation persists monthly, mimicking the natural cycle. However, it doesn't allow period control like some pills, and bleeding or cramping may increase at first but typically normalizes within months. Effective for 5-10 years.
The hormonal IUD, such as Mirena, releases levonorgestrel to thicken cervical mucus, inhibit sperm movement, and prevent fertilized eggs from implanting. Many users experience reduced or absent menstruation, though some report heavier flow. Effective for 5 years (3 years if used during perimenopause).
Common issues include irregular bleeding, uterine infections, back or abdominal pain, nausea, fluid retention, breast tenderness, headaches, skin changes, mood swings, and changes in libido. Consult a healthcare provider if side effects persist.
Read also: Improving your sex life, that's done in a jiffy
Insertion is identical for both types and performed by a qualified professional. First, a pelvic exam confirms uterine size/position and rules out pregnancy. Take ibuprofen 1 hour prior for pain relief, or request local anesthesia.
The vagina and cervix are disinfected, a speculum is inserted, and the IUD is placed through the cervix into the uterus. Cramping, spotting, or dizziness may occur briefly but is uncommon. Fertility returns quickly upon removal.
For more details, visit trusted resources like Thuisarts.nl, used by Dutch general practitioners.
Read also: A horror birth – that needs to be talked about
Image used via Shutterstock
