Fungal nail infections are surprisingly common, often unsightly and sometimes painful. General practitioner Ingrid Kuiper shares her expert insights on managing them effectively.
Also known as onychomycosis, fungal nails are triggered by dermatophytes—the same fungi responsible for athlete's foot. About one-third of people with athlete's foot develop nail infections, especially if nails are damaged from sports or tight shoes.
Risk Factors for Infection
While fungi live on everyone's skin, not everyone develops infections. Those with weakened immune systems or poor foot circulation are more susceptible. Once infected, recurrence is more likely.
Recognizing Fungal Nails
Look for yellow discoloration, thickening, brittleness, and upward growth. Nails may loosen or tear, often starting at the edges and tip of the big toe. Rule out lookalikes like psoriasis or ingrown toenails.
Effective Treatments
Oral medications like Lamisil or Trisporal are most effective, taken for three months to allow full nail regrowth (about 90 days). They outperform topical treatments but may cause side effects like taste changes or stomach upset—and are contraindicated in pregnancy.
Prevention Tips
Fungi love warm, moist environments, so keep feet dry, wear flip-flops in public areas, opt for breathable cotton socks, trim nails short, and avoid tight shoes.
